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1 January 2026

Climate Change and its Impact on Crop Production

Climate change is having a strong and lasting effect on crop production worldwide. Rising temperatures can reduce crop growth, affect flowering and grain formation, and lower overall yields. Heat stress also increases water demand, putting pressure on already limited water resources.

Changing rainfall patterns are another major challenge. Unpredictable rains, prolonged droughts, and sudden floods damage crops, delay planting, and wash away fertile topsoil. These conditions make farming more uncertain, especially for small and rain-fed farmers. Climate change also encourages the spread of pests, weeds, and plant diseases, leading to higher crop losses and increased production costs.

To cope with these challenges, farmers are adopting climate-smart practices such as drought- and heat-tolerant crop varieties, efficient irrigation methods, soil conservation, and crop diversification. By adapting to climate change, agriculture can remain productive and continue to support global food security.

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